Gynaecology Services by Dr Mohamed Otify

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Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer originates in the lower part of the womb (the cervix) that connects to the vagina. Most cases are linked to long-term infection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV), a common virus transmitted through skin or sexual contact. While the immune system clears HPV naturally in most women, in some cases, it can persist and lead to cell changes that may develop into gynaecological cancer over time.

Early detection through screening and HPV vaccination provides the best protection and facilitates highly effective treatment when cervical cancer is identified at an early stage.

Symptoms

Cervical cancer may not present symptoms initially. As it progresses, it can lead to:

- Vaginal bleeding after intercourse, between periods, or after menopause

- Heavier or longer menstrual bleeding than usual

- Watery or blood-stained vaginal discharge that may have an odour

- Pelvic pain or discomfort during intercourse

If you experience any of these symptoms, seek a medical review promptly. Many other conditions, including fibroids, can cause similar symptoms, but they should always be checked by a gynaecologist.

Diagnosis and Screening

Regular screening is essential in preventing most cervical cancers. Screening may include:

- Pap (smear) test — detects abnormal or precancerous cells.

- HPV test — checks for high-risk HPV infection.

If results are abnormal, further tests such as colposcopy and biopsy may be advised to confirm any changes. If cancer is diagnosed, imaging (MRI, CT, or PET scan) helps determine the stage and guide treatment options.

Treatment Options

Treatment for cervical cancer depends on the stage, tumour size, and the importance of fertility preservation. Options include:

- Surgery – for early cancer, this might involve:

  • Cone biopsy or LOOP Excision to remove only the affected area

  • Radical trachelectomy (removal of the cervix but preservation of the womb) for fertility preservation

  • Radical hysterectomy (removal of cervix, uterus, part of the vagina, and nearby nodes)

Where suitable, surgery may be performed using robotic surgery or minimally invasive techniques, such as laparoscopy, for faster recovery.

- Radiation therapy – either external or internal (brachytherapy), sometimes combined with low-dose chemotherapy.

- Chemotherapy or targeted medicines – used in more advanced disease stages.

- Immunotherapy – may assist the body’s immune system in attacking cancer cells in later stages.

Why Choose Dr. Otify

Dr. Mohamed Otify is a Consultant Gynaecological Oncologist and Gynaecological Surgeon with subspecialist expertise in fertility-sparing and minimally invasive procedures. He works within a multidisciplinary team to ensure each patient receives evidence-based, compassionate care tailored to their situation, as highlighted in patient testimonials.

Next Step

If you have abnormal screening results or symptoms such as unexpected bleeding, consider booking an online consultation for assessment, advice, and reassurance regarding your women's health.